Notes of Chapter 20:Atomic Spectra of “Physics XII” for FSc Part 2 published by Punjab Textbook Board, Lahore. These notes are very helpful to prepare Physics paper of FSc Part 2 for Federal Board, Multan Board, Faisalabad Board, Sargodha Board, Gujranwala Board, DG Khan Board, Rawalpindi Board or any other board of Punjab, Pakistan.

The branch of physics which deals with the investigations of wavelengts and intensities of electromagnetic radiations emitted or absorbed by atoms is called spectroscopy.

• Atomic spectra
• Spectroscopy
• Types of spectra
• Atomic spectra
• Historical background
• Spectrum of hydrogen
• Bohr`s Model
• De-Broglie`s interpretation of Bohr`s model
• Quantized radii
• Quantized energies
• Related terms
• Hydrogen emission spectrum
• Inner shell transitions
• Characteristics of x-rays
• Transition of electron
• Continuous x-ray spectrum
• Properties of x-rays
• Uses of x-rays
• CAT scanner
• Biological effects of x-rays
• Uncertainty with the atom
• LASER
• Kinds of LASER
• Uses of LASER